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Publications
Tonga Population and Housing Census 2006
SPC Statistics for Development Division (SDD) Publications
The Census is the official count of population and dwellings in Tonga, providing a ‘snapshot’ of the society and its most precious resource, its people, at a point in time. The official...
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Publications
Tonga Population and Housing Census 2021
SPC Statistics for Development Division (SDD) Publications
The Population and Housing Census 2021 was the 9th census carried out in Tonga since 1956, and the 7th census conducted by the Statistics Department. The Population and Housing Census is...
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Publications
High CO2 reduces the settlement of a spawning coral on three common species of crustose coralline algae
International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) Publications
Concern about the impacts of ocean acidification (OA) on ecosystem function has prompted many studies to focus on larval recruitment, demonstrating declines in settlement and early growth...
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Publications
Early development of undulated surf clam, Paphia undulate under elevated pCO2
International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) Publications
Increasing atmospheric CO2 can decrease the seawater pH and carbonate ions, which may adversely affect the larval survival of calcareous animals. In this study, we simulated future...
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Publications
Effects of elevated pCO2 on the survival, growth, and moulting of the Pacific krill species, Euphausia pacifica
International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) Publications
While ocean acidification (OA) is expected to have wide-ranging negative effects on marine species, organisms currently living in variable pH environments that expose them intermittently...
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Publications
Persistence of positive carryover effects in the oyster, Saccostrea glomerata, following transgenerational exposure to ocean acidification
International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) Publications
Ocean acidification (OA) is predicted to have widespread implications for marine organisms, yet the capacity for species to acclimate or adapt over this century remains unknown. Recent...
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Publications
Early benthic juvenile Parvulastra exigua (Asteroidea) are tolerant to extreme acidification and warming in its intertidal habitat
International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) Publications
Habitat warming and acidification experienced by intertidal invertebrates are potentially detrimental to sensitive early post-larvae of benthic marine invertebrates. To determine the...
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Publications
Sponge bioerosion on changing reefs: ocean warming poses physiological constraints to the success of a photosymbiotic excavating sponge
International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) Publications
Excavating sponges are prominent bioeroders on coral reefs that in comparison to other benthic organisms may suffer less or may even benefit from warmer, more acidic and more eutrophic...
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Publications
Putting prey and predator into the CO2 equation – qualitative and quantitative effects of ocean acidification on predator–prey interactions
International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) Publications
Little is known about the impact of ocean acidification on predator–prey dynamics. Herein, we examined the effect of carbon dioxide (CO2) on both prey and predator by letting one...
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Publications
Warmer more acidic conditions cause decreased productivity and calcification in subtropical coral reef sediment-dwelling calcifiers
International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) Publications
The effects of elevated CO2 and temperature on photosynthesis and calcification in the calcifying algae Halimeda macroloba and Halimeda cylindracea and the symbiont-bearing benthic...
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Publications
Assessment of ocean acidification and warming on the growth, calcification, and biophotonics of a California grass shrimp
International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) Publications
Cryptic colouration in crustaceans, important for both camouflage and visual communication, is achieved through physiological and morphological mechanisms that are sensitive to changes in...
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Publications
Seawater acidification induced immune function changes of haemocytes in Mytilus edulis: a comparative study of CO2 and HCl enrichment
International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) Publications
The present study was performed to evaluate the effects of CO2- or HCl-induced seawater acidification (pH 7.7 or 7.1; control: pH 8.1) on haemocytes of Mytilus edulis, and the changes in...
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Publications
Synergistic effects of elevated carbon dioxide and sodium hypochlorite on survival and impairment of three phytoplankton species
International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) Publications
Sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) is widely used to disinfect seawater in power plant cooling systems in order to reduce biofouling, and in ballast water treatment systems to prevent transport...
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Publications
Ocean acidification stress index for shellfish (OASIS): Linking Pacific oyster larval survival and exposure to variable carbonate chemistry regimes
International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) Publications
Understanding larval bivalve responses to variable regimes of seawater carbonate chemistry requires realistic quantification of physiological stress. Based on a degree-day modeling...
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Publications
Exposure history determines pteropod vulnerability to ocean acidification along the US West Coast
International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) Publications
The pteropod Limacina helicina frequently experiences seasonal exposure to corrosive conditions ($Ømega$ar \textless 1) along the US West Coast and is recognized as one of the species...
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Publications
Boosted nutritional quality of food by CO2 enrichment fails to offset energy demand of herbivores under ocean warming, causing energy depletion and mortality
International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) Publications
The CO2-boosted trophic transfer from primary producers to herbivores has been increasingly discovered at natural CO2 vents and in laboratory experiments. Despite the emerging knowledge...
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Publications
Symbiodinium mitigate the combined effects of hypoxia and acidification on a non-calcifying cnidarian
International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) Publications
Anthropogenic nutrient inputs enhance microbial respiration within many coastal ecosystems, driving concurrent hypoxia and acidification. During photosynthesis, Symbiodinium spp., the...
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Publications
Impaired learning of predators and lower prey survival under elevated CO2: a consequence of neurotransmitter interference
International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) Publications
Ocean acidification is one of the most pressing environmental concerns of our time, and not surprisingly, we have seen a recent explosion of research into the physiological impacts and...
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Publications
Elevated seawater CO2 concentrations impair larval development and reduce larval survival in endangered northern abalone (Haliotis kamtschatkana)
International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) Publications
Increasing levels of anthropogenic carbon dioxide in the world's oceans are resulting in a decrease in the availability of carbonate ions and a drop in seawater pH. This process, known as...
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Publications
Laboratory simulation reveals significant impacts of ocean acidification on microbial community composition and host-pathogen interactions between the blood clam and Vibrio harveyi
International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) Publications
It has been suggested that climate change may promote the outbreaks of diseases in the sea through altering the host susceptibility, the pathogen virulence, and the host-pathogen...